Bilingual Glossary!!!!




VAT: IVA .

"Save and sound": Sanos y salvos .

Travel arrangements: Plans for a journey .

Itinerary: A detailed plan for a journey .

Taking time off from work: Holidays .

Board: Daily meals in hotels .

Hostel: Inexpensive, supervised place to live during a short period of time, for young travelers .

Seattle: A port in W Washington, on the isthmus between Lake Washington and Puget Sound: the largest city in the state.

Living it up: enjoy

Railways: vias de tren

Silicon Valley: is an area in the north of San Francisco where you can find businesses like Apple or Ebay.

Public/Private: Público/Privado

Roots: raíces, orígenes.

Raw fish: pescado crudo

Draught: borrador.

Highway: autopista.

Hood: capucha.

Dude: a man; a guy.

Alrighty: correctamente.

What's up: Que hay, que tal.

That's hecka cool: muy "guay".

Super awesome: increíble.

That burrito it's so bomb!: delicious.

Bro, why you putting me on blast?: avergonzar.

NY VS London

I have travelled to London two years ago, it is a very beautiful city, with a lot of monuments and places, but if I have to decide between new york and london, without any doubt, I prefer new york. It has a lot of skyscrapers, and something a like a lot is the night life. When you go to the streets during the night there is a lot of people and lights, and it is beautiful to see that. Also new york has a lot of theme parks and other different leisure places where you can enjoy alone or preferably with your friends. Is a city with A LOT OF LIVE! Bye :D

 GEOGRAPHY GLOSSARY!!!!!!!!
   
    UNIT TEN

• AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE: a landscape that has been transformed by people to cultivate crops and/or rear livestock.

• CEREALS: grasses grown for the edible components of their grain.

• CROP: a cultivated plant to be harvested as food, animal fodder, fuel or for any other economic purpose.

• CULTURAL HERITAGE: the things, places and practices that define who we are as individuals, as communities, as nations or cultures.

• DOMESTIC TOURISM: tourism in which tourists do not leave their own country.

• HIGH-SPEED-RAIL: a type of rail transport involving high-speed trains.

• LARGE-SCALE TOURISM: travel and accommodation offered to large groups at affordable prices by tour operators.

• MORTGAGE: a loan to finance the purchase of private residential or commercial property.

• OFF-PEAK SEASON: the less busy annual period.

• PEAK SEASON: the busiest annual period.

• RECESSION: a business cycle contraction/ a general slowdown in economy activity.

• SPECULATION: investment in stocks, property or other assets in the hope of gain, but with the risk of loss.

• TOUR OPERATORS: a company that combines tour and travel components to cater for large-scale tourism.

 GEOGRAPHY GLOSSARY!!!!!!!!
   
    UNIT NINE

• FREIGHT: goods or produce transported by ship, aircraft, train, lorry or van. 

• CAPITAL FLOWS: the movement of money. 

• EXPORTS: goods or services that are sold outside the country where they are produced.  

• IMPORTS: goods or services that are brought into a country from abroad for sale. 

• BALANCE OF TRADE: the difference between the monetary value of the exports and the imports of a country.  

• BALANCE OF PAYMENTS: a record of all monetary transactions between a country and the rest of the world.

• RETAIL: a type of trade in which businesses sell small quantities of goods directly to consumers.  

• WHOLESALE: trade in which buyers purchase large quantities of goods and sell them, in smaller quantities, to other companies. 

• TRADE BLOC: a group of countries that join together to form an area with special trade regulations. 

• TRANSPORT NETWORK: the connection of road, railway lines, ports or airports that facilitate the transport of goods and/or people.

• MARKET: the meeting of buyers and sellers of goods and services.

• INFRASTRUCTURE: the basic physical and organizational structures needed for an economy to function.

• TRADE: the buying and selling of goods to meet the needs of the population.

• BARTERING: a system used before the invention of money, involving the exchange of certain goods for others.

• TOURISM: a sector dedicated to travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes.

• INFORMATION SOCIETY: a society in which the creation, distribution, and manipulation of information has become the most significant economic and cultural activity.

• PUBLIC SERVICES: services that cover the basic needs of the population and contribute to its well-being.

• PRIVATE SERVICES: services that are offered and managed by private companies.

A WEEKEND IN VIGO

A WEEKEND IN VIGO SCRIPT

1-We are going to do our presentation about Vigo.

2-Vigo is in Galicia, in Pontevedra, in the north part of Spain, is a very good place to visit, but before the travel you have to think which days will be sunny, because Vigo is a rainy place.

3-We go to vigo in Alsa buses that cost 52 € the round trip.

4-The hotel that we choose is Eurostars Mar de Vigo, 113 € including the breakfast.

5-Well…Vigo is a  city formed in the best majority by beaches and sea but in vigo there are too many islands in which you can see the best natural places. Also you can visit museums if you want a cultural visit. Vigo is divided in two main parts, the modern zone and the old zone with a lot of markets and sculptures.

6-The Friday, at 5 PM we get the bus in the bus station.

7-4  hours later we arrive in Vigo and then we have the dinner in a restaurant next to the hotel that is called Casa rositas and it costs around 28 €.

8-Then we sleep at the hotel and have the breakfast in the morning.

9-Next to the hotel it’s located the Samil Beach, that is the biggest beach in Vigo. You can swim and sunbathe. If you don’t like the sand you can walk in a near promenade which have a lot of shops and snack bars.

10-At two o’clock we go to the oysters street, in this street there are many luxurious restaurants. Also the fishermen show their best products and a delicious shellfish.

11-After the lunch we go to the sea museum to see the history of the fishermen and all the sea creatures. You can see de old methods of fishing and the biggest animals in the zone. Here you can buy tickets to visit the Cies Islands.

12-At 5 PM we go to the Cies Island by ferry, that cost 10€ two persons. The travel is half an hour. The Cies Islands are a real paradise near home. These islands are like the Caribean ones. The water is very transparent and the sand is white and thin.

13-At 9 PM we have the dinner in a restaurant called Las Rías Bajas for 32 € and then we go to the hotel.

14-We have the breakfast in the hotel like the first day.

15-The Sunday we are going to visit different places, if we want to visit those places we have to pass by taxi  through the Rande bridge, a very big bridge.

16-At 12 AM we are in the Castro Fortress, that are the ruins of an old fortress. The fortress is very beautiful and the views are also very good.

17-In the Castro Fortress there is a field with a lot of flowers and grass in which you can eat the delicious sandwiches that we have prepared in the morning.

18-Near to the fortress there is a very big zoo, the Vigo zoo. Here you can see the wildest animals for only 15 €.

19-At 4 PM there is a very big street which is called the Mercado da Pedra. Here you can buy the cheapest things in Vigo and also eat in the snack bars.

20-The trip is finished. We get the bus and we return to Salamanca.

21-At 10 PM we are in our homes, very tired. We have only spent 238 € in the weekend.

THE END

 GEOGRAPHY GLOSSARY!!!!!!!!
   
    UNIT EIGHT

• Mechanization: The use of machinery in the production process.

• Mining: The process of extracting minerals from the ground.

• Mineral: a naturally occurring solid chemical substance such as bauxite. Most minerals need to be transformed to enable them to be used for manufacturing products.

• Fossil fuels: fuel that is formed by the decomposition of buried organic material, and exposure to heat and pressure, producing substances such as coal, oil and gas. 

• Industry: any economic activity that produces a service or transforms raw material into consumer goods. 

• Irrigated farming: is the artificial application of water to the land or soil. 

• Energy: power that comes from the utilization of physical or chemical resources to provide light and heat or to work machines. 

• Biomass: organic material used as a fuel that releases energy when burned.

• Management: the people that run a company and ensure that goods and services of a high enough quality are produced and sold at competitive prices. 

• Workforce: the employees required to produce goods and services. 

• Wind turbine: a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy to drive machinery or generate electricity. 

• Solar panel: is a set of solar photovoltaic modules electrically connected and mounted on a supporting structure. 

• Renewable energy: is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a human time-scale such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat. 

• Non-renewable energy: is a resource that does not renew itself at a sufficient rate for sustainable economic extraction in meaningful human time-frames. 

• Traditional energy: refers to the energy sources that are most commonly used.

• Alternative energy: is any energy source that is an alternative to fossil fuel. These alternatives are intended to address concerns about such fossil fuels. 

• Dam: is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams. 

• Guild: is an association of artisans or merchants who control the practice of their craft in a particular town. 

• Heavy industry: does not have a single fixed meaning as compared to light industry. It can mean production of products which are either heavy in weight or in the processes leading to their production. 

• Light industry: is usually less capital intensive than heavy industry, and is more consumer-oriented than business-oriented (most light industry products are produced for end users rather than as intermediates for use by other industries). 

• Cutting-edge industries: industries that employ advanced technology.

• Craftspersons: a person who makes products using basic tools and manual labour.

MODERN TIMES REVIEW

MY COMIC!!!!!


 

 GEOGRAPHY GLOSSARY!!!!!!!!
   
    UNIT SEVEN

• Plot: An area of land where crops are grown
• Soil: The subtance on the surface of the Earth in which plants grow, produced mainly by the weathering of rock
• Crop rotation: The practice of growing different types of crops in the same area in sequential seasons
• Extensive agriculture: An agricultural system that uses small inputs of labour, fertilisers, and capital, relative to the area of land that is being farmed
• Dryland farming: Farming in which the fields receive only rainwater
• Irrigated farming: Farming in which the water from groundwater, reservoirs or rivers is brought to fields
• Polycultures: mixed farming 
• Monocultures: single-crop farming
• Subsistence agriculture: A type of agriculture in which farmers only grow enough food to feed themselves and their families
• Livestock farming: Farming bassed on rearing animals to obtain products
• Housed livestock: Livestock fed with fodder in farm buildings
• Rear: To care for, breed and grow animals until maturity
• Fishing ground: An area of water that is used for fishing

 GEOGRAPHY GLOSSARY!!!!!!!!
   
    UNIT SIX

• 
  
  
  • Retired: to give up or to cause (a person) to give up his work, a post, etc, esp on reaching pensionable age
  • Supply: availability of something of use or sale
  • Production: an activity that provides goods and services for consumption. the production of goods combines natural resources, skills, financial investment and labour
  • Active population: people employed, unemployed or looking for work.
  • Inactive population: people not in active service
  • Consumption: the use of a production or service to satisfy needs or desires.
  • Services: economic activities, such as banking or education, that are intangible
  • Demand: the desire to own something in the market and willingness to pay for it. 
  • Self-employed: earning one's living in one's own business or through freelance work, rather than as the employee of another
  • Disabled: physically handicapped person.
  • Distribution: the marketing, delivery and sale of goods and services.
  • Marketing: the act of researching, promoting and advertising a product or service in order to sell it
  • Consumption: the use of a product or service to satisfy needs or desires
  • Economic activity: the different processes involved in the production and consumption of goods and services.
  • Inflation: a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in the economy or a decrease in value of the purchasing power of money
  • Economic agent: person, group or institution involved in the economy.
  • Employee: person who works for other person to earn money.
  • Profit: the monetary gain of a business after all expenses have been met
  • Tax: a monetary contribution to the government requires of people, groups or business 
  • Employer: person who hires other person to works for their.
  • Full-time conctact: contract in which employees must work during all hours establish on the agreement.  
  • Raw material: material on which a particular manufacturing process is carried out
  • Telecommuting: the use of home computers, telephones, etc, to enable a person to work from home while maintaining contact with colleagues, customers, or a central office
  • Goods: tangible economic products, such as food, that are usually consumed after production. 
  • Part-time contracts: a form of employment that carries fewer hours per week than a full-time job.

FAIR TRADE!!!!!!!!!


http://daviden.edu.glogster.com/fair-trade

ENGLISH VOCABULARY 2º TRIMESTER!!!!!!!!



To ask for the moon means to make unreasonable demands for things or to wish something impossible to achieve or to obtain.
 
When you hold the fort it means that you take care of a place when the person normally in charge is away.
 
Under the table is a phrase used to describe secretive behaviour often suggestion corruption or illegality.
 
To horse around means to behave in a silly way, making noise and caussing disruption.
 
When you say someone has chickened out of something you mean they have failed to do something or they haven't tried to do it because they were afraid.
 
When you say someone is a wise old owl you mean they are very experienced in life. 

A night owl is someone who stays up late into the night.  

When you say someone is in safe hands you mean they are being cared for someone who is confident and skilled. 

A safe pair of hands is a similar expression it refers to someone who can be to do a good job avoiding mistakes.

If someone tells you to hold your tongue it means they want you to stop talking because they don't like what you are saying. 

If a situation is black and white it means you have a clear opinion about it and you can easily see what you think is right and wrong. 

Money doesn't grow on trees means you must not spent to much money as there is a limited amount of it. 

Money is not object means that you have a lot of money available to spend. 

Let the chips fall where they may means to allow things to happen no matter what the consequences are. 

When you say something is as cheap as chips you mean it is very cheap. 

If you are chasing your tail you are very busy doing a lot of things but not achieving very much.

  THE LOST WORLD GLOSSARY!!!!!!!
 

• To argue: To present supporting or opposing reasons or cases in a dispute.
• Branch: A secondary woody stem arising from the trunk or bough of a tree or the main stem of a shrub.
• Bush: A dense woody plant, smaller than a tree, with many branches arising from the lower part of the stem.
• Clerk: A worker, in an office, who keeps records, files, etc...
• To embrace: To take or clasp (another person) in the arms.
• Hatchet: A short axe used for chopping wood, etc...
• Journey: A travelling from one place to another; trip or voyage.
• Liar: A person who has lied or lies repeatedly.
• Nod: To lower and raise (the head) briefly, as to indicate agreement, invitation, etc...
• Path: A road or way, esp a narrow trodden track.
• Plateau: A wide mainly level area of elevated land.
• Shake (the head): To move or cause to move up and down or back and forth with short quick movements; vibrate.

FASHION MAGAZINE!!!!!!!!!!!

 GEOGRAPHY GLOSSARY!!!!!!!!
   
    UNIT FIVE

• National sovereignty: It guarantees that all Spanish citizens elect the members of the following bodies of government every four years.
• Constitutional Monarchy: A system of government in which the king is the head of state but the parliament chooses the government.
• The Crown: The part of a constitutional monarchy represented by the king.
• Arbitrator: A person chosen to decide a dispute or settle differences.
• Decentralised Government: A system of government in which decision making is devolved to a local level and is therefore closer to the citizens.
• Motion of no confidence: If the Cortes Generales do not agree with the government's politics, they can pass it to force the president to resign.
• Ministers: Government officials that make up the Spanish cabinet.
• Municipality: The most basic administrative body in the Spanish territory.
• Town Council: The organisation taht governs each municipality in Spain.
• Mayor: The chairman and civic head of a municipal corporation in many countries.
• Councilors: Government officials that make up the town council.
• Province: A territory governed as a unit of a country or empire.
• Self-government: The government of a country, nation, etc, by its own people.
• Statute of Autonomy: A law describing the institutions, laws and responsabilities for each of the autonomous communities in the Spanish territory.
• Subsidiarity: The principle of devolving decisions to the lowest practical level.
• Autonomous Community: One of 17 regions that form part of the Spanish territory with its own devolved government.
• Exclusive authority: The local government has it over laws related to town planning, housing, monuments, helath care and education.
• Share authority: The local government and the state has it over laws related to transport or the labour market.
• Post-industrial society: A society in which the economy has undergone a shift from the production of goods to the provision of services.
• Well-being: The level of satisfaction of a population as measured by education levels, health care, live expectancy and consumption.
• Life expectancy: The numbers of years a person or population is expected to live.
• Extended family: Grandparents, parents and children.
• Nuclear family: Parents and children.
• Single parent family: A father or a mother and children.
• Same sex marriages: Two mans or two womans.

GEOGRAPHY GLOSSARY!!!!!!!!

UNIT FOUR


BUDGET: A sum of money to be used for a specific purpose by a government.

CAP: Common Agricultural Policy.

CFP: Common Fisheries Policy.

CITIZENSHIP: The conditions or status of a citizen, with it's rights and duties.

COHESION: The act of uniting or staying together.

COMMON MARKET: A market based on common policies and the free movements of goods, services, people and capital.

DEVELOPMENT: The act or process of growing or making progress.

DUTY: A task or action that a person is bound to perform for moral or legal reasons.

FRAGMENTATION: When production processes ocurr in different phases, in different places.

FREE MOVEMENT: The unrestricted movement of goods, services, people and capital in a common market.

FUNDS: The financial resources used by governments or political institutions for a specific purpose.

GDP: Gross Domestic Product.

HETEROGENEITY: A thing that consist of dissimilar elements or parts.

HIERACHY: A system of persons or things arranged in a graded order.

HIGHWAY / MOTORWAY: A public road that all may use.

HOMOGENEUS: Composed of similar or identical parts or elements.

INVESTMENT: The act of using something to achieve a goal.

MONETARY UNION: The sharing of the same currency between two or more states. In 1992, the concept of a monetary union was agreed upon in the European Union.

OUTSKIRTS: Outlying or bordering areas, districts, etc, as of a city.

OUTSOURCING: Part of a company's work in sent to another company, sometimes in a different country, because it is a cheaper or more efficient opinion.

PROFITABLE: Affording gain, benefit, or profit.

SEAFARING: The act of travelling by sea.

SKEPTICAL: Not convinced that something is true; doubtful.

SUBSIDY: A type of financing offered by a government.

SURPLUS: A quantity or amount in excess of what is required.

TREATY: A formal agreement between two or more states related to international relations.